Motivation

Types of motivation: Based on incentives motivation can be classified into two categories. There are:- Financial motivation: Employee can be motivated financial by offering the…

Reinforcement theory of motivation was proposed by BF Skinner and his associates. It states that individual’s behavior is a function of its consequences. It is…

In 1964, Victor H. Vroom developed the Expectancy theory through his study of the motivations behind decision making. Expectancy theory argues that the strength of…

Albert Bandura’s theory of self-efficacy has important implications with regard to motivation. Bandura’s basic principle is that ‘people are likely to engage in activities to…

Clayton Alderfer reworked Maslow’s need hierarchy to align it with the empirical research. His revised need hierarchy is labeled ERG Theory. Alderfer argues that there…

Two-Factor Theory is sometimes also called motivation-hygiene theory. Proposed by psychologist Frederick Herzberg when he investigated the question, “What do people want from their jobs?”…

“Attribution theory deals with how the social perceiver uses the information to arrive at causal explanations for events. It examines what information is gathered and…

Variable pay is employee compensation that changes as compared to the salary which is paid in equal proportions throughout the year. Variable pay is used…

Four ingredients are common to MBO programs:  Goal specificity. Participative decision making, An explicit time period, and Performance feedback. The objectives in MBO should be…

The concept of “Management By Objectives’ (MBO) was first given by Peter Drucker in 1954 (The Practice of Management). It can be defined as a…