Physics

Spin-transfer torque (STT) is the ability of a spin-polarized current to change the orientation of a magnetic layer in a magnetic tunnel junction or spin…

Pyroelectricity is a property of certain crystals that are electrically polarized by nature and thus contain large electric fields. The ability of certain materials to…

The amount of information contained in a book is determined by its volume, not by the size of the book’s cover. However, in the quantum…

The thermoelectric effect is the direct conversion of temperature differences to electric voltage and vice versa through the use of a thermocouple. A thermoelectric device…

Electrocatalysis is a process in which an electrode material is used to catalyze an electrochemical reaction. The use of atomic force microscopy (AFM) in electrocatalysis…

Aluminium Indium Arsenide (AlInAs) is a semiconductor material that belongs to the III-V family of compound semiconductors. It is a ternary alloy consisting of aluminium…

Aluminium Gallium Indium Phosphide (AlGaInP) is a semiconductor material that is commonly used in the manufacturing of high-brightness light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and semiconductor lasers, especially…

Complex artificial structures called mechanical metamaterials have mechanical properties that are determined by their structure rather than their content. Although the development of new technology…

The scientific method is a procedure used by scientists to explore, confirm, or create a precise and trustworthy model of any natural phenomenon. They are…

Hint To maintain the atom’s electrical neutrality, the number of protons must always equal its atomic number or Z, and the number of electrons must…