Thermodynamics

Co-efficient of Performance of a refrigerator The ratio of heat removed from the refrigerator and the mechanical work done is called co-efficient of performance. It is…

Refrigerator: Heat Engine Almost in every house, we use the refrigerator for cooling of fish, meat, drinking water, ice cream etc and for preservation purpose.…

Principle of heat engine A heat engine is a device that converts heat to work. It takes heat from a reservoir then does some work…

Four Steps in Carnot’s Engine The Working of a Carnot’s cycle and work was done by it can be expressed in a curve. It is called…

Carrot’s cycle is reversible The cycle in which an ideal gas used as a working substance starts at constant volume, pressure, and temperature passes through…

Carnot’s cycle Before discussing Carnot cycle we should have some idea about Carnot’s engine. Sadi Carnot (1832), a French scientist planned an engine which is…

Characteristics and examples of Irreversible process Irreversible processes are a result of straying away from the curve, therefore decreasing the amount of overall work done.…

Irreversible process Suppose, a person is standing with a glass of water in his hand. Suddenly by dropping the glass on the floor, it was…

The process in which the system and surroundings can be restored to the initial state from the final state without producing any changes in the…

Reversible Process Suppose, a piece of ice is in your hand. Keep this ice in a container and apply heat. It will be seen that…