Atomic Structure

Planck’s Quantum Theory of Electromagnetic Radiation Some of the experimental phenomena such as diffraction and interference can be explained by the wave nature of the…

Wave Nature of Electromagnetic Radiation: James Maxwell (1870) was the first to give a comprehensive explanation about the interaction between the charged bodies and the…

Bohr’s Model of Atom: Historically, results observed from the studies of interactions of radiations with matter have provided immense information regarding the structure of atoms and…

Rutherford nuclear model of an atom is like a small scale solar system with the nucleus playing the role of the massive sun and the…

The presence of positive charge on the nucleus is due to the protons in the nucleus. As established earlier, the charge on the proton is…

Rutherford’s Nuclear Model of Atom: Rutherford and his students (Hans Geiger and Ernest Marsden) bombarded very thin gold foil with α-particles. Rutherford’s famous α-particle scattering…

J. J. Thomson, in 1898, proposed that an atom possesses a spherical shape (radius approximately 10-10 m) in which the positive charge is uniformly distributed.…

Discovery of Protons and Neutrons Electrical discharge carried out in the modified cathode ray tube led to the discovery of particles carrying positive charge, also…

In 1897, British physicist J.J. Thomson measured the ratio of electrical charge (e) to the mass of electron (me) by using cathode ray tube and…

R.A. Millikan (1868 1953) devised a method known as oil drop experiment (1906-14), to determine the charge on the electrons. 1-le found that the charge…