Chemical Equilibrium

Buffer capacity The two most important characteristics of any buffer solution are its pH and buffer capacity. The buffer capacity of any buffer gives a…

Examples of buffer action The ability of the buffer solution to resist the changes in pH value on the addition of small amount of an…

The Henderson-Hasselbalch equation The pH of an acidic or basic buffer can be calculated by using the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation. The Henderson-Hasselbalch equation can also be…

Mechanism of buffer action Buffer Action: The property of the solution to resist the changes in its pH value on the addition of small amounts…

Buffer Solutions In many chemical and biological processes, it is necessary to maintain the pH of the medium fairly at the constant value. Solutions used for…

Uses of buffer solutions The buffer solution is defined as a solution that resists change in pH upon addition of small quantities of strong acids or…

Titration of a Strong Acid with a Strong Base In a strong acid-strong base titration, the acid and base will react to form a neutral…

Indicators in Acid-Base Titrations Indicators, as the name implies, are substances which indicate, generally by their color change, the equivalence point, or end point of…

Common Ion Effect The dissociation of an electrolyte may be depressed by adding another electrolyte having an ion (cation or anion) in common with the…

pH of solutions of very weak bases Unlike strong acids/bases, weak acids and weak bases do not completely dissociate (separate into ions) at equilibrium in…