Geology

Glacial Valleys or Troughs: Erosional Landforms A valley is a depressed area of land between mountains or hills. Glaciated valleys are trough-like and U-shaped with broad…

Horns and Serrated Ridges: Erosional Landforms Horns form through headward erosion of the cirque walls. If three or more radiating glaciers cut headward until their…

Cirque: Erosional Landforms Cirques are the most common of landforms in glaciated mountains. The glacial cirque is opened on the downhill side while the cupped…

Stalactites and Stalagmites: Depositional Landforms Stalactites hang as icicles of different diameters. Normally they are broad at their bases and taper towards the free ends showing…

Glaciers are huge masses of ice that can take numerous forms, from enormous sheets to uneven blocks of slow-moving ice and rock. Masses of ice…

Sinkhole: Depositional Landforms Small to medium-sized round to sub-rounded shallow depressions called swallow holes form on the surface of limestones through the solution. A sinkhole is…

Groundwater is the water found underground in the cracks and spaces in soil, sand, and rock. It is stored in and moves slowly through geologic…

Caves are the natural underground chamber on a hillside or cliff. In areas where there are alternating beds of rocks (shales, sandstones, quartzites) with limestones…

Meanders: Depositional Landforms In large flood and delta plains, rivers rarely flow in straight courses. Loop-like channel patterns called meanders develop over flood and delta…

Braided Channels: Depositional Landforms When rivers carry coarse material, there can be selective deposition of coarser materials causing a formation of a central bar which…