The distribution of matter and energy was not even in the early universe. These primary density differences gave rise to differences in gravitational forces and it caused the matter to get drawn together. These formed…

The hydrosphere is a cohesive mass of aquifer that is found beneath and above the surface of a planet’s secondary planet or natural satellite. It has oceans, seas, lakes, ponds, rivers, and streams. Hydropower covers…

An earthquake shakes the surface of the earth. An earthquake is a shaking of the surface, which results in the sudden release of energy into the Earth’s lithosphere, which produces seismic waves. There are many…

Coastal Plain: It is a horizontal low lying ground between the coast and upper ground inland. A coastal plain is horizontal, low-lying land adjacent to a seacoast. The coastal plain forms a belt of sundry…

Coast: The boundary between land and sea. It includes the strip of land that borders the seashore. Seashore is the region where land meets the sea or ocean, or a line that forms the periphery…

Catchment Area: The area drained by a major river and its tributaries. It is the area from which rainfall flows into a river, lake, or reservoir. The catchment area is generally connected with Rivers in…

Bedrock is the solid rock lying beneath the soil and weathered material. It is the solid rock underlying unconsolidated surface materials (such as soil). It is the lithified rock that lies under a loose softer…

Arid: Denoting any climate or region in which the rainfall is insufficient or barely sufficient to support vegetation. Nearly 33% of the Earth’s land is covered in Arid climate. The temperatures will depend on the…

Alluvial Plain A level tract of land made up of alluvium or fine rock material brought down by a river. It is a level or gently sloping surface formed of sediments laid down by streams,…

Disaster Management and Mitigation Disasters due to cyclones, unlike the ones caused by earthquakes, tsunamis, and volcanic eruptions are more predictable in terms of the time and place of their occurrences. Moreover, with the help…