Geology

Indo-Ganga-Brahmaputra Plain The third geological division of India comprises the plains formed by the river Indus, the Ganga, and the Brahmaputra. Originally, it was a…

The Himalayas and other Peninsular Mountains The Himalayas along with other peninsular mountains are young, weak, and flexible in their geological structure, unlike the rigid…

Subsurface flow: It is the movement of water below the surface of the earth. After infiltration, the subsurface water returns to the surface through seepage…

Thermocline: Boundary in a body of water where the greatest vertical change in temperature occurs. This boundary is usually the transition zone between the layer…

Solar Wind: Mass of ionized gas emitted to space by the sun. Plays a role in the formation of auroras. It is caused by the…

Geographical meridian: The imaginary vertical plane passing through the geographical axis is called geographical meridian. Longitudes are geographical positioning markers that run from the geographical…

Precipitation: Showering of the raindrops, snow, or hailstones from the clouds onto the surface of the earth. Rainfall, snowfall, cloudburst, and hailstones are forms of…

Runoff: It is the flow of water over land through different channels. It is the draining away of water (or substances carried in it) from…

Plate Tectonics The theory suggesting that the earth’s surface is composed of a number of oceanic and continental plates. Driven by convection currents in the…

Ozone Hole: It is a sharp seasonal decrease in stratospheric ozone concentration that occurs over Antarctica in the spring. First detected in the late 1970s,…