The plants which can be differentiated into leaf, root, stem and whose sporophytic and gametophytic phases are independent are known as Pteridophyta or Tracheophyta.
Characteristics of Fern Pteridophyta:
i) Fern is a sporophytic plant. Gametophytic stage is called prothallus
ii) They have vascular tissue system
iii) Stem is rhizome type and perennial.
iv) Reproductive organ is multicellular and surrounded by sterile cellular membranes
v) Flowers, fruits and seeds arc absent in them
vi) Alternation of generation it, clearly found in the lite cycle.
Example- Pters, Selaginella, Equisetum etc.
