Evolution is defined as a change in the genetic composition of a population over a growing generation. Evolutionary theory is one of the main foundations of modern biological theory. Evolution occurs when evolutionary processes, such as natural selection and genetic drift, depend on this variation, causing specific traits to become more common or rare in the population. This process of evolution gave birth to biodiversity at every level of biological organization, including the species, individual organisms, and layers of molecules.
The evolution of these herit anomalous differences occurs when a population becomes more common or rare, either through natural selection or by random genetic drift. In the 1850s, Darwin wrote an influential and controversial book called On the Origin of Species. It suggested that the species evolve and that all organisms could trace their lineage to a common ancestor. The scientific theory of evolution through natural selection was conceived independently by Charles Darwin and Alfred Russell Wallace in the mid-nineteenth century and is detailed in Darwin’s book on the Origin of Species (1859). Evolution by natural selection was first demonstrated by the observation that a greater number of offspring are likely produced. Natural selection was the basic idea of his interpretation. Natural selection occurs because people with more prominent features, such as more visionary eyes or sharp feet, live better and breed more than those with less favorable features. Other competing concepts of evolution, such as mutationism and orthogenesis, were rejected in the early twentieth century because modern synthesis reconciled Darwin evolution with the classical genetics that led to Mendelia’s natural selection over genetic variation.
All life on Earth shared one of the last universal common ancestors (LUCAS) that lived about 3.5-3.8 billion years ago. The fossil record includes progress from the primary biogenic graphite to the microbial mat fossil-fossil to many multicellular organisms. Impressive is the incredible diversity of shapes, sizes and lifespans, not just numbers, but also low levels of bacteria, measuring less than one thousandth of a millimeter in diameter, state sequoias, over 100 meters (300 feet) above ground and weighing several thousand tons; The fungus and algae are rich on Antarctica’s ice masses, starting from bacteria living in hot springs at temperatures of boiling water, and 23 ° C (9 ° F); And from the giant tube, the worms lived close to the hydrothermal vents in the dark seafloor on spiders and larkspur plants located more than 6000 meters (19700 feet) above sea level. Existing patterns of biodiversity have been transformed throughout the evolutionary history of life on earth by repeated formation of new species (specifications), changes in species (anogenesis) and species decay (extinction). Morphological and biochemical properties are more similar to species that share a recent common ancestor and can be used to reconstruct phylogenetic plants.
This powerful explanatory and predictive theory has become one of the central organizational principles of modern biology, providing an explanation for the unification of the diversity of life on earth. Evolutionary biologists continue to study different aspects of evolution by forming and examining theories and constructing hypotheses based on evidence from field or laboratory and data generated through mathematical and theoretical biology methods. Some of these characteristics may give the individual an advantage over another person in that they may go to their lineage. Their discoveries have influenced not only the development of biology, but also the numerous scientific and industrial fields, including agriculture, medicine, and computer science.
