Let h be the height of the liquid column in a cylinder of cross sectional area A. If ρ is the density of the liquid, then weight of the liquid column W is given by
W = mass of liquid column x g = Ahρg
By definition, pressure is the force acting per unit area.
So, Pressure = [weight of liquid column / (area of cross – section)]
= Ahρg/A = hρg
So, P = hρg
